Literature Review #1

(2)  Newbold, John J. "Lifestyle Challenges For Commuter Students." New Directions For Student Services 2015.150 (2015): 79-86. Academic Search Premier. Web. 11 Oct. 2016.

(3)    This reading discusses the stress factors involved in commuting to campus rather than being a residential student and the many coping mechanisms that they may use to deal with that. At first, I was looking at Chickering’s piece on commuting students, but because his book was published 40 years ago, I thought that his reasoning’s or theories might not be as relevant to students today.  This piece describes how commuters see stressful experiences differently than on campus residents, which brings up the interesting point of the mindsets of the two types of students.

(4)    The author for this paper is Dr. John J. Newbold, who is a marketing professor at Sam Houston University in Tennessee. He has written many papers on off campus living and the struggles of students who do so, including Using marketing to understand the needs of non-traditional students, “A comparative study between non-traditional students in terms of their demographics, attitudes, behaviors and educational performance, and Commuter Students: Involvement and Identification with an institution of higher education. John J Newbold also has an MBA in quantitative methods, which helps with his research.

(5)    There are many key terms described in this piece that I may use within my paper. One of the key terms that are mentioned is stressor. Stressor, in the papers, is defined as any activity, person, etc. that causes emotional anxiety or stress on an individual (commuter). The stressors that are mentioned include family, friends, work, environmental factors and adjustment to the commuter lifestyle. Another key term described in this paper is interrelationship, which was used to describe the different factors in a commuter’s life interacting with one another. The many stresses in a commuter’s life are interrelated in a way that calls for perfect time management, which is hard to achieve for some.

(6)      “The size of the commuter/ nontraditional student population has been on the increase (Newbold et al., 2010). Between 1996 and 2006, the number of these undergraduate college students increased at a rate of 30% to 50% (Bye, Pushkar, & Conway, 2007)." Page 80

“Academic stresses for commuter students include being capable of coping at a higher education level, time management, and study skills with additional concerns centered on coping with existing responsibilities and with the added study tasks (Barron & D’Annunzio-Green, 2009).” Page 81

“A few of the numerous difficulties commuter students face include academic responsibility, family obligations, work, maintaining personal relationships, time management, financial obligations, and becoming acclimated to the university environment (Negga et al., 2007). It has been suggested that, even though commuter students are more apt to work full-time, they are not as stressed by working, commuting, or time limitations because they have more experience at time management (Lundberg, 2003).” Page 81

“Students who look positively on the openness of administration tend to be more satisfied with the campus environment (Nicolson & Bess, 1997). Commuter students have stronger relationships with administrators and place a greater value on faculty interaction than their non-commuting equivalents (Newbold et al., 2010).” Page 84

(7)    This paper helps me to explore my topic of the reasons and effects of commuting versus residential living because it focuses on what the psychological outcomes are of commuting and what the experiences of commuting look like to college students. A lot of the papers I have read so far focus solely on the benefits of living on campus, so this paper will definitely help me to delve into the off campus student instead.